Day 14 A.M. & P.M.

The puppies continue to thrive — and they are two-weeks-old today! We will do official two-week photos later.

Something I find interesting is that the Wildflowers are likely not all the same age — the smaller puppies were likely “made” a day or two after some of the others.

In dogs, eggs are released over a brief period of time and available for fertilization for a day or so before they are no longer viable. The first puppies born (Mallow and Paintbrush) were likely the last puppies made, and this fits with their lower birth weights. Their eyes are not as open as the other puppies — this also supports the conclusion they are “younger” than some of the other puppies.

This will in no way impact them in their lives. But given the pace of development in newborn puppies, a difference of even 1 - 2 days in age is noticeable.

Our day began as usual with some out-of-the box nursing. Mariposa was one of the group left to sleep in the whelping box but she woke up and started to explore.

Puppies at this age are being flooded with new sensory information and their increased awareness of the world — thanks for their rapidly developing brain and increased information from vision — can make them suddenly scared or anxious. When this happens, they slink to the ground and back up a bit — like this:

WF D14 Mariposa slinking.jpg

Then they seek safety — like this…

WF D14 Mariposa safe.jpg

Imagine if the puppies were outside. Their increased mobility means they can walk away from the safety of the den and that makes them extremely vulnerable to predators. It is biologically functional that puppies at this age start to evaluate potential threat and use freeze/retreat in response to the perception of threat.

Their skill in assessing what is real threat and what is not will be refined as they develop but right now their vision is blurry and likely what they see is shapes suddenly appearing — as if a hawk is flying down to grab them.

WF D14 Paintbrush sitting.jpg

I am very careful with the puppies so as not to startle them. I avoid sudden hand movements over their heads, and I do not just grab and lift them — like a predator would. Instead, I touch them firmly before picking them up, and I intentionally support both the front and rear of their body.

WF D14 Daisy and Paintbrush.jpg

The puppies will not remember being terrified or hurt — but their brains are absorbing information and being hard-wired.

Exposure to stress absolutely — no question — can change a puppy. There is likely a dose effect, which means repeated or prolonged stress is likely worse than an isolated or occasional instance.

WF D14 Daisy and Mallow.jpg

But stress matters and remember — stress is defined by the puppy and not the human. Unless you are talking about stressing out a human — and then the human gets to define the stress. Like flying, for example — very stressful to this human.

But I digress — sort of…

WF D14 Daisy licking Mallow.jpg

When people minimize a procedure like dewclaw removal by noting the puppies seem to object more to being restrained than actual pain, they are reflecting a lack of understanding — being restrained IS stress for a puppy. In fact, restraint is one way lab animals are intentionally stressed so that researchers can examine the effects on their (removed) brains. Yuck.

Sage and Bob

Sage and Bob

We should not worry about whether a procedure or an event will be remembered by a puppy (or an infant) — we should be worrying about how the brain got wired as a result of the physiological reaction to the experience.

Clarkia

Clarkia

If you want to know more about how traumatic events are incorporated, I highly recommend the book, The Body Keeps the Score. Also, reading up on ACEs (Adverse Childhood Experiences) will give you insight as to why we should care about this kind of stuff.

WF D14 Daisy and Buttercup.jpg

Again, there is a LOT of research about this — there is really no question that bad experiences/stress in early life can change things.

Clover

Clover

And so I pay attention to all that, understanding that building resilience comes from mastery — and mastery happens when we have successful developmentally appropriate experiences.

Clover

Clover

It is a constant balance — pushing and nudging a bit but not flooding and creating fear/stress.

Buttercup and Larkspur

Buttercup and Larkspur

Confidence — not anxiety — is the goal.

Afternoon Video - Click HERE to see puppies before Lunch #4 and after Lunch #4.

EVENING: LOTS OF PHOTOS FROM THE DAY

Larkspur

Larkspur

Clover

Clover

WF D14 Paintbrush et al.jpg
WF D14 Mouthing.jpg

Two weeks old and already planning her escape — my kind of puppy!

WF D14 Lupine making escape (1).jpg
Lupine, Mariposa, Mallow and ??

Lupine, Mariposa, Mallow and ??

Clarkia in the front

Clarkia in the front

Carlos checks in

Carlos checks in

This is the aftermath of one of the afternoon’s outside-the-box shift nursing sessions…

WF D14 after party.jpg

Paintbrush — walking!

WF D14 Paintbrush walking.jpg

Clarkia is a puppy with a ton of presence.

WF D14 Clarkia (1).jpg

Lupine — yes, her mouth is open a lot.

WF D14 Lupine mouth open.jpg

This is Sage — his abscess is almost all gone.

WF D14  Sage.jpg

I love this sweet photo of Daisy with Clarkia.

WF D14  Daisy and Clarkia sit.jpg

Okay — these are the official Two-Week-Old photos but two disclaimers are in order.

First — puppy eyes are blue! And they are even bluer with a blue background so do not be alarmed by the color of their eyes.

Second — two-week-old puppies are not easy to hold and photograph. One peed on Dear Husband, several gnawed on him, they stuck out their tongues, and just generally were an entertaining bunch of miscreants.

But we tried!

Someone sent this — I love it so much and plan to use it (and the other one that arrived with it) in photos when they are older.

Someone sent this — I love it so much and plan to use it (and the other one that arrived with it) in photos when they are older.

Paintbrush

Paintbrush

Mallow — he wanted to chew on DH’s fingers

Mallow — he wanted to chew on DH’s fingers

Clarkia — she insisted on squinting

Clarkia — she insisted on squinting

Sage — Tongue-out Tuesday?

Sage — Tongue-out Tuesday?

Another biter — Mariposa

Another biter — Mariposa

Lupine is overly fond of her tongue these days

Lupine is overly fond of her tongue these days

Buttercup

Buttercup

Larkspur

Larkspur

Clover having a Bad Hair Day

Clover having a Bad Hair Day

And one of many hilarious outtakes…

Yep — Lupine

Yep — Lupine

Day 13 A.M.

Mornings includes shift nursing outside the whelping box until it is empty and can be cleaned and changed; I use white vinegar for cleaning.

This is Daisy with the beginning outside-the-box crew from this morning — I add more puppies as the early ones drop off.

Larkspur getting a face wash

Larkspur getting a face wash

Puppies are interacting more with Daisy — it reflects their growing ability to engage in the external environment.

WF D13 Larkspur and Daisy.jpg

The next two photos are a sequence with Clover interacting with something new in the whelping box.

WF D13 Clover with donut.jpg
WF D13 Clover on donut.jpg

I have been reading up on all the benefits of an enriched environment. There is almost no good research on puppies and enriched environments — one published article that tried had SIX subjects, which is basically meaningless. As I have said previously, given what they do to rats I am not unhappy about the lack of puppy research.

The rat research, however, continues to be informative.

There is a great deal of evidence about the benefits of an enriched environment for rat pups, including enhanced learning and memory formation (Hullinger, R., O’Riordan, K., & Burger, K., 2015), reduced behaviors associated with aggression (Abou-Ismail, U., Burman, O., Nicol, C., & Mendl, M., 2010), and positive impact on emotional affect and motor skills (Mosaferi, B., Babri, S., Ebrahimi, H., & Mohaddes, G., 2015).

I could go — rat research is quite the thing. Who knew?! Bottom Line — enriched environments matter a lot.

This should prompt the question: What constitutes an enriched environment?

I cannot just show the puppies Sesame Street videos and provide toys from Lovevery, after all.

WF D13 Open mouth 1.jpg
WF D13 Mouth 2.jpg

So I started reading up on what constitutes an “enriched environment” because what I think is enriched doesn’t matter — it has to be enriched from a puppy point of view.

What I have come up with so far is that I need to consider sensory, cognitive, and motor stimulation. I already do this kind of thing — but I am excited to do it even better.

In my Puppy Palace Enriched Environment I will include things to chew (besides littermates), things to climb (in addition to littermates), opportunities to forage/search, things that make unusual sounds, and so on. It will be a Puppy Palooza of Enrichment — thanks to Amazon.

Something that seems important — after reading all about rat life as well as enriched environments for other animals — is novelty. Creating an enriched environment for three week old puppies and then changing nothing about it for the next few weeks actually isn’t enriched enough. Amazon and I are working on this angle as well.

Mallow was all over this morning. Here is a sequence of him trying to take over a top bunk spot on Buttercup.

WF D13 Buttercup and Mallow 1.jpg
WF D13 Buttercup and Mallow 2.jpg

What I did not — unfortunately — capture was his tumble off the top bunk. He rolled a couple of times and came back — undaunted — but willing to sleep between his siblings.

WF D13 Mallow and Buttercup 3.jpg

The morning puppy pile.

WF D13 lineup.jpg

Puppies are almost marching around the whelping box, eyes are opening, and early play efforts continue — but mostly they still sleep and eat.

Sage is pleased to report that he has regained the title of Heavyweight Champion of the Whelping Box — he was 41.75 ounces this morning! Clarkia and Clover are close behind and doing what they can to capture the title tomorrow (i.e., eating like wee piggies).

EVENING: PHOTOS FROM THE DAY

Lupine

Lupine

Mallow

Mallow

Larkspur

Larkspur

Mallow on top

Mallow on top

Mallow falls again!

Mallow falls again!

Clarkia, Buttercup, Paintbrush and Bob

Clarkia, Buttercup, Paintbrush and Bob

Cute puppies

Cute puppies

The puppies had a visitor — Karma

The puppies had a visitor — Karma

Sage

Sage

WF D13 puppies again.jpg
They lined themselves up just like that!

They lined themselves up just like that!

Daisy and Clarkia

Daisy and Clarkia

Good Night!

Work Cited

Abou-Ismail, U., Burman, O., Nicol, C., & Mendl, M. (2010). The effects of enhancing cage complexity on the behaviour and welfare of laboratory rats. Behavioural Processes, 85(2), 172-180.

Hullinger, R., O’Riordan, K., & Burger, K. (2015). Environmental enrichment improves learning and memory and long-term potentiation in young adult rats through a mechanism requiring mGluR5 signaling and sustained activation of p70s6k. Neurobiology of Learning and Memory., 125, 126-134.

Mosaferi, B., Babri, S., Ebrahimi, H., & Mohaddes, G. (2015). Enduring effects of post-weaning rearing condition on depressive- and anxiety-like behaviors and motor activity in male rats. Physiology & Behavior, 142, 131-136.

Day 12 A.M. & P.M.

Puppies are well.

Clover and Paintbrush

Clover and Paintbrush

They all had pedicures again yesterday, Sage is recovering well from his abscess, and weight gain continues.

WF D12 Puppy on paw.jpg

We have a new name on the Leaderboard for the Heavyweight Champion of the Whelping Box: Lupine!

Lupine says: Training for the title is hard work!

Lupine says: Training for the title is hard work!

Lupine weighed 38.1 ounces this morning, narrowly beating out Sage (38.0 ounces); Clarkia is in third place at 37.75 ounces.

Clarkia resting up for the competition.

Clarkia resting up for the competition.

The puppies were eager to show off their walking skills this morning.

Sage

Sage

There is still a lot of tipping going on but you have take some falls to get good at anything — excellent life lesson from the Wildflowers: Just keep getting up.

Eyes continue to crack open more and more — this is Mariposa peeking out from a triple-decker puppy pile.

WF D12 Mariposa eye.jpg

The mouthing behavior is increasing…

WF D12 Paintbrush (1).jpg

…and this signals ability/willingness to engage with the external world in new ways. You will start to see new things in the whelping box — it is an appropriate time to give them expanding experiences.

Mallow with one of the Bobs

Mallow with one of the Bobs

I take advantage of their willingness to engage by sitting in the whelping box (thank you, Lori, for the whelping box deluxe seat) and individually handle each puppy, letting them interact with me by sniffing, licking, and nibbling. A rough job, right?!

Buttercup

Buttercup

The puppies eat about every 1.5 hours. Some worry this is a drain or burden on the mother — but probably because they have not experienced the effects of oxytocin.

WF D12 Daisy OT Bliss.jpg

When puppies nurse, oxytocin is released, causing the available milk to “let down” and Daisy visibly enters an Oxytocin Bliss.

Oxytocin releases milk, promotes maternal behavior, and appears “to play an important role in modulation of social bonding processes and stress regulation, and may be crucially involved in the promotion of mental health” (Olff et al., 2013, p. 1892).

All of the reading I am doing points to the importance of positive maternal care in the development of the newborn brain. The more we can get our mother dogs engaged in maternal behavior, the better it is for those puppies — and the people who will love them as they grow into adults.

Daisy and Larkspur

Daisy and Larkspur

This means we should use oxytocin to our advantage, encouraging and supporting frequent nursing of puppies.

WF D12 Milk Bliss.jpg

I have had no complaints from Daisy about this — I think she might actually be an Oxytocin Addict.

EVENING: PHOTOS FROM THE DAY

Mallow and Mariposa

Mallow and Mariposa

Today I noticed lots of open mouths…

WF D12 Big mouth.jpg
Paintbrush

Paintbrush

…and opening eyes.

Doesn’t this look like Lupine just took out her brother — and is glad about it?!

WF D12 Took Out my Brother.jpg

Puppies were sitting today! This is Sage.

WF D12  Sage.jpg
Mallow and Clarkia

Mallow and Clarkia

WF D12 feet.jpg

Clean fleece and fed — the puppies are ready for bed.

Official Day 12 Puppy Pile

Official Day 12 Puppy Pile

Good night!

Work Cited

Olff, M., Frijling, J., Kubzansky, L., Bradley, B., Ellenbogen, M., Cardoso, C., . . . Van Zuiden, M. (2013). The role of oxytocin in social bonding, stress regulation and mental health: An update on the moderating effects of context and interindividual differences. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 38(9), 1883-1894.